Gard’s previous article highlighted the development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) in Norway and Finland with the YARA BIRKELAND and FinFerries’ FALCO projects. In this article, we focus on the challenges of adapting the existing regulatory regime and traditional marine insurance policy wordings to autonomous vessels.
What do we mean by ‘autonomous’?
The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) recognises that autonomy is a ‘spectrum’ yet, for the purposes of examining regulatory changes, it has defined a MASS as a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction. For present purposes the IMO has established the following four degrees of autonomy:
See attached file: Maritime autonomous surface ships – identifying and covering the risks.pdf
海面自主航行船舶 – 风险的识别与保险
在Gard协会之前的文章中，我们以YARA BIRKELAND轮和FinFerries的FALCO号项目为例，重点介绍了挪威和芬兰海面自主航行船舶（MASS）的开发情况。在本文中，为顺应自主航行船舶的需要，我们将着重讨论对现有监管制度和传统海上保险单用词作出调整时面临的挑战。
我们所说的“自主”是什么意思？
国际海事组织认识到，自主有着广泛的范围；为了考察监管方面的变化，其已将MASS定义为一种在不同程度上可以独立于人机交互而运行的船舶。目前，国际海事组织确立了以下四个自主等级：
详细信息请参阅附件。
