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在Gard协会之前的文章中,我们以YARA BIRKELAND轮和FinFerries的FALCO号项目为例,重点介绍了挪威和芬兰海面自主航行船舶(MASS)的开发情况。在本文中,为顺应自主航行船舶的需要,我们将着重讨论对现有监管制度和传统海上保险单用词作出调整时面临的挑战。

我们所说的“自主”是什么意思?

国际海事组织认识到,自主有着广泛的范围;为了考察监管方面的变化,其已将MASS定义为一种在不同程度上可以独立于人机交互而运行的船舶。目前,国际海事组织确立了以下四个自主等级:

详细信息请参阅附件。

 

Maritime autonomous surface ships – identifying and covering the risks

Gard’s previous article highlighted the development of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) in Norway and Finland with the YARA BIRKELAND and FinFerries’ FALCO projects. In this article, we focus on the challenges of adapting the existing regulatory regime and traditional marine insurance policy wordings to autonomous vessels.

What do we mean by ‘autonomous’?

The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) recognises that autonomy is a ‘spectrum’ yet, for the purposes of examining regulatory changes, it has defined a MASS as a ship which, to a varying degree, can operate independent of human interaction. For present purposes the IMO has established the following four degrees of autonomy:

See attached file: Maritime autonomous surface ships – identifying and covering the risks.pdf

IMSBC规则》修正案将于201911日生效。本文中,Brookes Bell LLPPenelope Cooke解释了即将生效的修正案会对载运煤类货物的船舶产生何等影响。有关《IMSBC规则》修正案的全部详情,请参阅国际海事组织MSC.426(98)号决议。

 

《国际海运固体散货(IMSBC)规则》中,将煤描述为一种由非晶形碳和碳氢化合物组成的天然固体可燃物质。尽管煤以易燃性和自热性闻名,然而某些煤类货物也有易于液化的特点。所有煤类货物都具有B组化学特性,例如可能发生自热或排放甲烷;除此之外,即将生效的《IMSBC规则》修正案中提到了煤类货物被认定为A组(即易于液化)的标准。因此,煤类货物有可能需要取得与其他A组货物(例如精矿、镍矿石和铁矿粉)相同的TML证书和含水量证书。