共同海损（General Average, GA）的出现早于海上保险的发明。其起源可追溯至《Justinian法典》（约公元530年），在该法典中，正式确认其为一项旨在解决「抛弃货物（jettison）」问题而发展出的原则。
如今，共同海损已编纂于《约克-安特卫普规则》（York-Antwerp Rules）之中，该规则提供了一个框架，规定为了共同安全而做出的重大牺牲或非常费用，应由参与该海上冒险的所有利害关系人按比例共同分摊。
详细信息请参阅附件。
General Average Declaration in Hull and Machinery Claims
General Average predates the invention of marine insurance. Its origins can be traced back to the Justinian Code (circa A.D. 530), where it was formally recognized as a principle developed to address the issue of jettison.
Today, GA is codified under the York-Antwerp Rules, which provide a framework whereby extraordinary sacrifices or expenditures made for the common safety are shared proportionately among all parties involved in a maritime adventure.
Please see attached file for details.
