{"id":10278,"date":"2013-08-01T08:28:54","date_gmt":"2013-08-01T08:28:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/192.168.1.14\/index.php\/2013\/08\/01\/7-1-2013\/"},"modified":"2025-09-01T01:21:36","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T17:21:36","slug":"7-1-2013","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/7-1-2013\/","title":{"rendered":"7\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\u7f8e\u56fd\u6269\u5927\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u5236\u88c1\u300a2013\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\u56fd\u9632\u6388\u6743\u6cd5\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9071\" src=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" \/>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Summary-of-IFCA_CN.pdf\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/a> &nbsp;&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9071\" src=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" \/>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Summary-of-IFCA.PDF\">ENG<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u300a2013\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\u56fd\u9632\u6388\u6743\u6cd5\u300b\u4e8e2013\u5e741\u67082\u65e5\u9881\u5e03(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0&#8221;NDAA 2013&#8243; )\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec&#8221;2012\u4f0a\u6717\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u53cd\u6269\u6563\u6cd5\u6848&#8221; (\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0&#8221; IFCA &#8221; ),\u9488\u5bf9\u4ece\u4e8b\u4f0a\u6717\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u8bbe\u5b9a\u989d\u5916\u5236\u88c1\u3002IFCA\u81ea2013\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eIFCA\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8303\u56f4\u8f83\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u5411\u4f0a\u6717\u77f3\u6cb9\u6216\u77f3\u5316\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u5236\u88c1\u8ba1\u5212\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660eIFCA\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u63a7\u5236\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff08OFAC\uff09\u4e8e2013\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u5c31IFCA\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u53d1\u5e03\u6307\u5bfc\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c2013\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7b7e\u7f72\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fdd\u53cdIFCA\u5c06\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5904\u7f5a\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">IFCA\u5bf9\u6d77\u4e0a\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u4fdd\u9669\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7OFAC\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u53ca2013\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u7684\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u51fa\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u9644\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #022469;\"><strong>NDAA 2013: A POTENTIAL EXPANSION OF&nbsp;U.S. SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN AS OF JULY 1, 2013<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (&#8220;NDAA 2013&#8221; ) was enacted on January 2, 2013, and contains a subtitle, the &#8220;Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act of 2012&#8221; (&#8220;IFCA&#8221; ), that sets out additional sanctions against foreign persons engaged in trade with Iran. IFCA takes effect on July 1, 2013, and has potentially far-reaching impact as it targets a wider range of activities than current sanction programs which are largely directed to Iran&#8217;s petroleum and petrochemical industries. To provide further clarification on how IFCA might be applied, the U.S. Treasury Department&#8217;s Office of Foreign Assets Control (&#8220;OFAC&#8221; ) issued guidance on June 3, 2013, regarding the implementation of IFCA. Additionally, on June 3, 2013, President Obama signed an Executive Order (&#8220;E.O.&#8221; ) which clarifies the types of penalties that can be imposed for violations of IFCA.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Insofar as those involved in marine transportation and insurance are concerned, the more salient aspects of IFCA, as clarified by OFAC and the June 3, 2013 E.O., include the following.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">See attached file: Summary of IFCA.pdf<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;CHN &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ENG \u300a2013\u8d22\u653f\u5e74\u5ea6\u56fd\u9632\u6388\u6743\u6cd5\u300b\u4e8e2013\u5e741\u67082\u65e5\u9881\u5e03(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0&#8221;NDAA 2013&#8243; )\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec&#8221;2012\u4f0a\u6717\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u53cd\u6269\u6563\u6cd5\u6848&#8221; (\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0&#8221; IFCA &#8221; ),\u9488\u5bf9\u4ece\u4e8b\u4f0a\u6717\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u8bbe\u5b9a\u989d\u5916\u5236\u88c1\u3002IFCA\u81ea2013\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\u8d77\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u7531\u4e8eIFCA\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u8303\u56f4\u8f83\u76ee\u524d\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u5411\u4f0a\u6717\u77f3\u6cb9\u6216\u77f3\u5316\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u5236\u88c1\u8ba1\u5212\u66f4\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\u660eIFCA\u5982\u4f55\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u90e8\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u4ea7\u63a7\u5236\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\uff08OFAC\uff09\u4e8e2013\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u5c31IFCA\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u53d1\u5e03\u6307\u5bfc\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c2013\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7b7e\u7f72\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u8fdd\u53cdIFCA\u5c06\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5904\u7f5a\u7c7b\u578b\u3002 IFCA\u5bf9\u6d77\u4e0a\u8fd0\u8f93\u548c\u4fdd\u9669\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7OFAC\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u53ca2013\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u7684\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u4f5c\u51fa\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 \u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u9644\u4ef6\u3002 &nbsp; NDAA 2013: A POTENTIAL EXPANSION OF&nbsp;U.S. SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN AS OF JULY 1, 2013 The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (&#8220;NDAA 2013&#8221; ) was enacted on January 2, 2013, and contains a subtitle, the &#8220;Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act of [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9071,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[125],"class_list":["post-10278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-circulars","tag-english"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10278","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10278"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10278\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19999,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10278\/revisions\/19999"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}