{"id":10613,"date":"2012-04-05T05:55:52","date_gmt":"2012-04-05T05:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/192.168.1.14\/index.php\/2012\/04\/05\/ice-clause-and-unsafe-port\/"},"modified":"2025-09-01T01:21:48","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T17:21:48","slug":"ice-clause-and-unsafe-port","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/ice-clause-and-unsafe-port\/","title":{"rendered":"Ice Clause and Unsafe Port"},"content":{"rendered":"

 \"pdf\" ENG<\/a>   \"pdf\" \u4e2d\u6587<\/a>   \"pdf\" BIMCO ICE CLAUSE<\/a>   \"pdf\" Navigation in ice-brief Canada<\/a><\/p>\n

Ice clause in charter parties
Please refer to the “BIMCO ICE CLAUSE” attached for following: 
BIMCO Ice Clause for Time Charter Parties 
BIMCO Ice Clause for Voyage Charter Parties<\/p>\n

Safe port
The classic definition of a “safe port” is “… a port will not be safe unless, in the relevant period of time, the particular ship can reach it, use it and return from it without, in the absence of some abnormal occurrence, being exposed to danger which cannot be avoided by good navigation and seamanship…” (The Eastern City). The criteria which has to be applied in determine whether a port is a “safe port” is a matter of law, while safety is a question of fact. Any unsafe port case on account of ice will turn on findings of fact.<\/p>\n

Icebound port
A port which would naturally be icebound for certain months of the year is not an icebound port within the meaning of an ice clause if it is kept open by ice breakers. This is also clarified in the Livanita that “the fact that a port may customarily be affected by ice does not equate to the port being unsafe and particular so where the charter itself contemplates what may be thought to be the usual safe use of the port in winter involving ice breakers.”<\/p>\n

What if ice en route?
The master may refuse to force ice. If he elects to force ice instead of waiting for icebreaker assistance, in order to reach to the port of destination, then the charterers will not be responsible for damages arising from forcing ice (Limerick v. Stott). But if the port cannot be reached in safety and the master has to force ice, the charterers may be liable for the damage to the ship on ground that the port is unsafe (The Sussex Oak).<\/p>\n

Ice clause not modify safe port warranty
The ice clause actually appears to both reinforce and broaden the warranty by expressly stating the master’s right to refuse to enter a port which may be dangerous because of ice conditions, or which the master reasonably may fear will become dangerous because of ice.<\/p>\n

International navigation limits\/Institute warranty limits
It has long been common for time charterparties to define the limits within which the charterer is entitled to trade the ship. It is important for the owners to check the trading warranties agreed upon, especially since charterparties very often refer to the Institute Warranty Limits (IWL) or International Navigation Limits (INL).<\/p>\n

The hull underwriter may allow vessels to trade outside the IWL\/INL depending on conditions and the time of the season, with requesting an additional premium for such a voyage. If the vessel would stay in such excluded area, please check that the underwriters have agreed such extensions otherwise the cover may be void.<\/p>\n

It seems largely unnoticed that IWL were replaced by INL on 1 November 2003, which re-arranged, redefined the relevant areas and added new areas as well. If the vessel was insured on the basis of INL however the charterparty was refer to IWL, the owner may find itself in the position of contractually bound to go to somewhere for which cover is excluded by hull and machinery insurance. Therefore, you are recommended to speak to us if any doubt about the extent for their hull and machinery cover.<\/p>\n

Navigation in ice
Navigation in ice is an enormous exposure for a ship and not so many vessels are fit or classed for sailing in ice. If the vessel encounter the situation to sail or have to sail in ice, always contact us about the information of port condition and obtain assistance. Also, the local government may have publications for ice navigation, such as Canada. Please refer to “Navigation in ice-brief Canada” attached for your reference.<\/p>\n

See attached file : ALCO20120025Ice Clause and Unsafe Port.pdf ;BIMCO ICE CLAUSE.pdf ;Navigation in ice-brief Canada.pdf<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u51b0\u5c01\u6761\u6b3e\u548c\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u53e3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u79df\u7ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u51b0\u5c01\u6761\u6b3e<\/p>\n

\u968f\u51fd\u9644\u4e0a\u7684 “BIMCO ICE CLAUSE” \u53ef\u4f5c\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a 
\u5b9a\u671f\u79df\u8239\u5408\u540c\u4e2d\u7684BIMCO\u51b0\u5c01\u6761\u6b3e 
\u822a\u6b21\u79df\u8239\u5408\u540c\u4e2d\u7684BIMCO\u51b0\u5c01\u6761\u6b3e<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u53e3
\u5173\u4e8e “\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u53e3” \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728 The Eastern City \u6848\u4e2d\u7531\u6cd5\u5b98\u4f5c\u4e86\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u8be0\u91ca\uff1a “…\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u7a81\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u8239\u5458\u5373\u4f7f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u8239\u827a\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u9a76\u5165\u3001\u9760\u53ca\u79bb\u5f00\u7684\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6e2f\u53e3\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u53e3” \u3002\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e2f\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u800c\u5b89\u5168\u672c\u8eab\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0e\u51b0\u51bb\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u53e3\u6848\u4ef6\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f9d\u9760\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51b0\u5c01\u6e2f\u53e3
\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u81ea\u7136\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u51b0\u5c01\u671f\u7684\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u82e5\u80fd\u7528\u7834\u51b0\u8239\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5f00\u653e\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u51b0\u5c01\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\u6240\u6307\u7684\u51b0\u5c01\u6e2f\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u540c\u6837\u5728 The Livanita \u4e2d\u88ab\u9610\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a “\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e2f\u53e3\u56e0\uff08\u5b63\u8282\u5730\u7406\u4e4b\u539f\u56e0\uff09\u901a\u5e38\u5730\u6709\u51b0\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6e2f\u53e3\u7684\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u800c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u79df\u7ea6\u81ea\u8eab\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5728\u51ac\u5b63\u4e3a\u4e86\u901a\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u4f7f\u7528\u6e2f\u53e3\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7834\u51b0\u8239\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u66f4\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002”<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5728\u822a\u884c\u9014\u4e2d\u9047\u4e0a\u51b0\u5c01?
\u8239\u957f\u53ef\u4ee5\u62d2\u7edd\u5f3a\u884c\u8d8a\u51fa\u51b0\u5c01\u5730\u5e26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8239\u957f\u9009\u62e9\u5f3a\u884c\u9a76\u51fa\u51b0\u5c01\u5730\u533a\u6765\u9a76\u5411\u76ee\u7684\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u7834\u51b0\u8239\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u627f\u79df\u4eba\u53ef\u4e0d\u5bf9\u56e0\u6b64\u5f3a\u884c\u9a76\u51fa\u51b0\u533a\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb( Limerick v. Stott) \u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u6e2f\u53e3\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u8239\u8236\u5b89\u5168\u5230\u8fbe\uff0c\u8239\u957f\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f3a\u884c\u9a76\u51fa\u51b0\u533a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u627f\u79df\u4eba\u4f1a\u56e0\u6e2f\u53e3\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u800c\u5bf9\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u635f\u5931\u627f\u62c5\u8d23\u4efb (The Sussex Oak) \u3002<\/p>\n

\u51b0\u5c01\u6761\u6b3e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u51cf\u8f7b\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u53e3\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e4b\u8d23\u4efb
\u51b0\u5c01\u6761\u6b3e\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7\u660e\u793a\u8868\u660e\u5f53\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e2f\u53e3\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u51b0\u60c5\u3001\u6216\u8239\u957f\u6709\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8ba4\u4e3a\u51b0\u60c5\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u60c5\u51b5\u53d8\u5f97\u5371\u9669\u4e4b\u6050\u60e7\u65f6\uff0c\u8239\u957f\u6709\u6743\u5229\u62d2\u7edd\u8fdb\u5165\u8be5\u6e2f\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u589e\u5f3a\u548c\u6269\u5927\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u6e2f\u53e3\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u4e49\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\uff08\u4f26\u6566\u4fdd\u9669\u4eba\uff09\u534f\u4f1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u822a\u884c\u8303\u56f4
\u5728\u671f\u79df\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5c06\u627f\u79df\u4eba\u6709\u6743\u822a\u884c\u8239\u8236\u7684\u533a\u57df\u8303\u56f4\u4f5c\u51fa\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8239\u4e1c\u6765\u8bf4\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u79df\u7ea6\u4e2d\u786e\u8ba4\u7684\u822a\u884c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u79df\u7ea6\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5728\u822a\u884c\u8303\u56f4\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5411\u534f\u4f1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u822a\u884c\u8303\u56f4 Institute Warranty Limits (IWL) \u6216 International Navigation Limits (INL)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8239\u58f3\u4fdd\u9669\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u5b63\u8282\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u5141\u8bb8\u8239\u957f\u5728IWL\/INL\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\u822a\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u8303\u56f4\u5916\u822a\u884c\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u4fdd\u8d39\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8239\u8236\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u8303\u56f4\u5916\u533a\u57df\u505c\u7559\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u8ba4\u4fdd\u9669\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u540c\u610f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\u6269\u5145\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4fdd\u5355\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u65e0\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

IWL\u5df2\u6709INL\uff08\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e2003\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d6\u4ee3\u8005\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u672a\u88ab\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u6392\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u822a\u884c\u533a\u57df\u5e76\u65b0\u589e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8239\u8236\u662f\u5728INL\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e2d\u88ab\u627f\u4fdd\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u79df\u7ea6\u5408\u540c\u4ecd\u662f\u6307\u5411IWL\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8239\u4e1c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u5728\u8239\u58f3\u9669\u822a\u884c\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u533a\u57df\u822a\u884c\u7684\u79df\u7ea6\u5408\u540c\u4e49\u52a1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u82e5\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5173\u4e8e\u8239\u58f3\u9669\u822a\u884c\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u8bf7\u60a8\u4e0e\u6211\u53f8\u8054\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51b0\u6d77\u822a\u884c
\u5728\u51b0\u6d77\u4e2d\u822a\u884c\u5bf9\u8239\u8236\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e76\u975e\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8239\u8236\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5728\u51b0\u6d77\u822a\u884c\u6216\u8239\u7ea7\u4e3a\u80fd\u5728\u51b0\u6d77\u822a\u884c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8239\u8236\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u51b0\u6d77\u822a\u884c\u6216\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5728\u51b0\u6d77\u822a\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bf7\u60a8\u4e0e\u6211\u53f8\u8054\u7cfb\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u5730\u6e2f\u53e3\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u6709\u51b0\u6d77\u822a\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u968f\u51fd\u9644\u4e0a\u7684 “Navigation in ice-brief Canada” \u4e2d\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u7b80\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7531 ANDREW LIU & CO.,LTD \u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u5e94\u4ee5\u82f1\u6587\u4e3a\u51c6\uff01<\/p>\n

\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u9644\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n


<\/strong><\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  ENG    CHN    BIMCO ICE CLAUSE    Navigation in ice-brief Canada Ice clause in charter partiesPlease refer to the “BIMCO ICE CLAUSE” attached for following: BIMCO Ice Clause for Time Charter Parties BIMCO Ice Clause for Voyage Charter Parties Safe portThe classic definition of a “safe port” is “… a port will not be safe unless, in the relevant period of […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9071,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[125],"class_list":["post-10613","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-circulars","tag-english"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10613","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10613"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10613\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20446,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10613\/revisions\/20446"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10613"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}