{"id":14536,"date":"2020-04-22T02:35:00","date_gmt":"2020-04-22T02:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/192.168.1.14\/index.php\/2020\/04\/22\/2020-4-22-2\/"},"modified":"2025-09-01T01:19:47","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T17:19:47","slug":"2020-4-22-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/2020-4-22-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Challenges to Lloyd\u2019s Open Form Salvage Contract &#8211; from a Shipowner\u2019s Perspective"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 13.3333px; text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9071\" src=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" style=\"font-size: 12.6316px;\" \/>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Challenges-to-Lloyds-Open-Form-Salvage-Contract-from-a-Shipowners-Perspective.pdf\">ENG<\/a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9071\" src=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2010\/06\/pdf.png\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" style=\"font-size: 12.6316px; text-align: justify;\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 13.3333px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Challenges-to-Lloyds-Open-Form-Salvage-Contract-from-a-Shipowners-Perspective_CN.pdf\" style=\"font-size: 13.3333px;\">\u4e2d\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Lloyd\u2019s Open Form salvage contract (LOF) has been in use for more than a century. It provides for salvage services on a \u201cno cure-no pay\u201d basis with an award for success based on the values of the property saved. Our guest author, Johnson Chiu, compares the LOF to national salvage forms, BIMCO forms for towage and wreck removal and ISU forms. He concludes that the LOF will remain an important contract when the crew, the ship and the environment are in imminent peril yet technology and communication advances make consideration of other contracts attractive to shipowners for minor casualties that do not immediately put the crew, vessel or environment at risk. We thank Mr. Chiu for his contribution to Insight and remind our readers that the author\u2019s views are his own.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The use of the traditional Lloyd\u2019s Open Form \u201cNo Cure-No Pay\u201d salvage contract has been declining slowly but steadily. According to Lloyds Statistics, there were 255 LOF contracts awarded in 1980 but only 37, the record low, in 2014. In the 1990s, the average number of LOF contracts was 138.7, and the average value of an award was 9.56% of the property salved (the highest was 18.8% in 1999). In the 2000s, the annual average declined to 102.6 while the average award went up to 12.99% (the highest was 20.4% in 2009). In 2018, the number went even lower to 53 (63 in 2017) and the average award also decreased to 11.9%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">See attached file: Challenges to Lloyd\u2019s Open Form Salvage Contract &#8211; from a Shipowner\u2019s Perspective.pdf<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #003366;\"><strong>\u52b3\u6c0f\u6551\u52a9\u5408\u540c\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6311\u6218 &#8211; \u8239\u4e1c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u52b3\u6c0f\u6551\u52a9\u5408\u540c\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u5176\u7ea6\u5b9a\u4e86\u6551\u52a9\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u201c\u65e0\u6548\u679c\u3001\u65e0\u62a5\u916c\u201d\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u83b7\u6551\u8d22\u4ea7\u4ef7\u503c\u7ed9\u4e0e\u6210\u529f\u6551\u52a9\u8005\u5956\u52b1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7279\u7ea6\u4f5c\u8005Johnson Chiu\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e86LOF\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u52a9\u683c\u5f0f\u3001BIMCO\u62d6\u822a\u548c\u6b8b\u9ab8\u6e05\u9664\u683c\u5f0f\u4ee5\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u6551\u52a9\u8054\u76df\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u4ed6\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u5728\u8239\u5458\u3001\u8239\u8236\u548c\u73af\u5883\u8feb\u5728\u7709\u776b\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u4e0b\uff0cLOF\u4ecd\u5c06\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u6280\u672f\u548c\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e5f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u8003\u8651\u5176\u4ed6\u5408\u540c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5904\u7406\u5c0f\u4e8b\u6545\u7684\u8239\u4e1c\u66f4\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f7b\u5fae\u4e8b\u6545\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u5c06\u8239\u5458\u3001\u8239\u8236\u6216\u73af\u5883\u7f6e\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u4f20\u7edf\u52b3\u6c0f\u6807\u51c6\u683c\u5f0f\u201c\u65e0\u6548\u679c\u3001\u65e0\u62a5\u916c\u201d\u6551\u52a9\u5408\u540c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u76f4\u7f13\u6162\u800c\u7a33\u5b9a\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u6839\u636e\u52b3\u6c0f\u6570\u636e\uff0c1980\u5e74\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e86255\u4e2aLOF\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u4f462014\u5e74\u53ea\u670937\u4e2a\uff0c\u521b\u5386\u53f2\u65b0\u4f4e\u3002\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0cLOF\u5408\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a138.7\uff0c\u800c\u6551\u52a9\u5956\u52b1\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u83b7\u6551\u8d22\u4ea7\u76849.56\uff05\uff081999\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u4e3a18.8\uff05\uff09\u3002\u572821\u4e16\u7eaa00\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5e74\u5ea6\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0b\u964d\u5230102.6\uff0c\u800c\u6551\u52a9\u5956\u52b1\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u5219\u4e0a\u5347\u523012.99\uff05\uff082009\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3a20.4\uff05\uff09\u3002\u57282018\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u5b57\u751a\u81f3\u4f4e\u81f353\u4e2a\uff082017\u5e74\u4e3a63\u4e2a\uff09\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u5956\u52b1\u4e5f\u4e0b\u964d\u5230\u4e8611.9\uff05\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u9644\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;ENG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;CHN The Lloyd\u2019s Open Form salvage contract (LOF) has been in use for more than a century. It provides for salvage services on a \u201cno cure-no pay\u201d basis with an award for success based on the values of the property saved. Our guest author, Johnson Chiu, compares the LOF to national salvage forms, BIMCO forms [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":210,"featured_media":9071,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[34],"tags":[125],"class_list":["post-14536","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-circulars","tag-english"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14536","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/210"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14536"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14536\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17954,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14536\/revisions\/17954"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14536"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14536"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/andrewliu.com.hk\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14536"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}