值班时分散注意力引发船舶搁浅

某日清晨，一艘集装箱船驶入格丁尼亚港（Gdynia）并且开始卸货。二副上午8点到10点上岸，处理了些个人事务。这导致他错过航行计划指示。第二天上午，船舶装完货，开航前往鹿特丹港卸货。

这艘集装箱船配备了全面和现代的驾驶台设备。电子海图系统（ECS）放置在两个雷达显示器之间，显示着该区域中最新英版光栅扫描海图服务(ARCS)，虽然这艘船配备了最新的驾驶台设备，但是这名二副并没有参加过在实际操作中如何使用这些先进仪器的课程或培训。

现在船舶已经航行了3天，二副被安排凌晨12点到4点值班。在他值班后20分钟，即凌晨12点30分的时候，由于天气情况良好，航道上航行的船舶也不多，二副决定，让了望员下到船员餐厅中待命，了望员认为他可以休息了，在吃了一些食物之后，他到了自己的舱室，开始玩起了电脑游戏。当这个了望员离开驾驶台的时候，二副注意到在他自己的个人手机上有信号，他便发了些短信。

经过一个浮标后，二副无意间听到其它船舶在甚高频（VHF） 17频道用乌克兰语（二副的母语）的对话之后二副在 VHF 频道上询问了些乌克兰新闻。过了一会儿，他手机上收到两条短信，于是他便开始回短信，来来回回持续了很长一段时间。在这个过程中，二副从驾驶室右翼平台的走到左翼平台尝试接收更强的手机信号时从电子海图上看到船舶在离下一个航向变更地之前仍有相当一段距离。

大约20分钟过后，二副感觉到船体震动，他冲往集中控制台，船舶对地速度显示船舶是处于静止状态。船舶搁浅了。

协会希望通过该案例，引起相关人员注意以下问题：

在船上使用移动电话的潜在危险
公司管理中，对如何合理使用或禁止使用移动电话的规定
了望员待命；清晰的命令和预期
单独驾驶或工作
使用电子海图以及非官方的航海图表，如英版光栅扫描海图服务
熟悉船上新设备,如现代驾驶台设备

通过分析该案例的事故原因，协会希望会员通过风险评估和风险接受度的衡量，加强风险防范意识，如设备配置，加强培训和强化管理等。

Case study: Distractions

Early one morning, a container vessel arrived in Gdynia and commenced unloading. The 2/O was ashore from 0800 to 1000 to carry out personal errands, including topping up his ‘pay as you go’ mobile telephone. This caused him to miss the voyage planning briefing. Loading was completed in the morning the following day, and the vessel sailed shortly thereafter heading for Rotterdam to discharge.

This container vessel had comprehensive and modern bridge equipment. An electronic charting system (ECS) was positioned between the two radar displays – displaying the latest Admirality Raster Charts (ARCS) for the area. Although the vessel having recently been fitted with the latest bridge equipment, the officers were not yet scheduled to go on an ECDIS module course nor a system familiarisation course on the actual equipment installed onboard.

The ship was now 3 days underway and the 2/O was assigned the 0000-0400 watch. 30 minutes into his watch, at 0030, the 2/O decided, given the reasonable weather and light density of vessel traffic, to send the lookout down below to ‘stand-by’ in the crew mess. The lookout understood this to mean he could rest so, after eating some food, he went to his cabin and played computer games . As the lookout left the bridge, the 2/O noticed that there was mobile coverage on his private mobile phone. He took the opportunity to send some text messages.

Just after passing a navigation buoy, the 2/O overheard some conversation between other ships on VHF channel 17 in his native Ukrainian tongue. When the conversation ended the 2/O spent 2-3 minutes on the VHF asking for news from the Ukraine. A short while later, he received two text messages on his mobile telephone, which started a long text message dialogue. At some point in the exchange of text messages the 2/O walked from the starboard to the port bridge wing to obtain a stronger signal on his mobile telephone. As he did so, he observed from the electronic chart display that the ship still had some distance to run before reaching the next course alteration.

Some 20 minutes later, the 2/O felt the ship vibrate, and he rushed to the centre console. Noticing the ship’s speed over the ground indicating the ship was stationary, he immediately reduced the pitch on the CPP to zero and called the master. The ship was now aground on a bank.

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