多起错误交货索赔案的发生，突显了无单放货时涉及的风险。
近期，Gard收到了数起银行声称煤炭货物在印度港口错误交付的案件。
相关货物于2018年上半年在各个港口装船，运往印度。抵达印度后，船方在未收到正本提单的情况下，凭无单放货保函(LOIs)，将货物交付给了收货人。涉案银行表示，其为购买货物提供了信贷，是正本提单持有人。
详细信息请参阅附件。
Misdelivery of coal shipments in India
Misdelivery claims highlight the risks involved when delivering cargo without the production of the original bills of lading.
Gard has been notified of several recent cases involving banks claiming for misdelivery of coal cargoes at Indian ports.
The cargoes were loaded at various ports and carried to India during the first half of 2018. Upon arrival in India, the cargo was delivered to receivers against letters of indemnity (LOIs) without production of the original bills of lading. The banks involved state that they extended credit for the purchase of the cargoes and that they are the holders of the original bills of lading.
See attached file: Misdelivery of coal shipments in India.pdf
《IMSBC规则》修正案将于2019年1月1日生效。本文中，Brookes Bell LLP的Penelope Cooke解释了即将生效的修正案会对载运煤类货物的船舶产生何等影响。有关《IMSBC规则》修正案的全部详情，请参阅国际海事组织MSC.426(98)号决议。
《国际海运固体散货(IMSBC)规则》中，将煤描述为一种由非晶形碳和碳氢化合物组成的天然固体可燃物质。尽管煤以易燃性和自热性闻名，然而某些煤类货物也有易于液化的特点。所有煤类货物都具有B组化学特性，例如可能发生自热或排放甲烷；除此之外，即将生效的《IMSBC规则》修正案中提到了煤类货物被认定为A组（即易于液化）的标准。因此，煤类货物有可能需要取得与其他A组货物（例如精矿、镍矿石和铁矿粉）相同的TML证书和含水量证书。
