《2013财政年度国防授权法》于2013年1月2日颁布(以下简称”NDAA 2013″ )，其中包括”2012伊朗自由和反扩散法案” (以下简称” IFCA ” ),针对从事伊朗贸易的外国人设定额外制裁。IFCA自2013年7月1日起生效，由于IFCA针对的活动范围较目前主要指向伊朗石油或石化产业的制裁计划更为广泛，因此可能产生深远的影响。为进一步说明IFCA如何适用，美国财政部外国资产控制办公室（OFAC）于2013年6月3日就IFCA的实施发布指导。此外，2013年6月3日美国总统奥巴马签署行政命令，强调违反IFCA将被强制执行的处罚类型。
IFCA对海上运输和保险将产生较大影响，具体已通过OFAC发布的指导及2013年6月3日的行政命令作出澄清，包含以下内容。
详细信息请参阅附件。
NDAA 2013: A POTENTIAL EXPANSION OF U.S. SANCTIONS AGAINST IRAN AS OF JULY 1, 2013
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2013 (“NDAA 2013” ) was enacted on January 2, 2013, and contains a subtitle, the “Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act of 2012” (“IFCA” ), that sets out additional sanctions against foreign persons engaged in trade with Iran. IFCA takes effect on July 1, 2013, and has potentially far-reaching impact as it targets a wider range of activities than current sanction programs which are largely directed to Iran’s petroleum and petrochemical industries. To provide further clarification on how IFCA might be applied, the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC” ) issued guidance on June 3, 2013, regarding the implementation of IFCA. Additionally, on June 3, 2013, President Obama signed an Executive Order (“E.O.” ) which clarifies the types of penalties that can be imposed for violations of IFCA.
Insofar as those involved in marine transportation and insurance are concerned, the more salient aspects of IFCA, as clarified by OFAC and the June 3, 2013 E.O., include the following.
See attached file: Summary of IFCA.pdf
